A simple liquid can stop cavities without drilling, major study confirms
A simple liquid painted onto teeth in seconds can stop cavities without drilling, injections, or anesthesia, according to a major clinical trial involving young children. The inexpensive treatment could spare thousands of children painful dental procedures and surgery while paving the way for broader FDA-approved use.
Key points
- A Phase III trial of 830 children under 6 found that 38% silver diamine fluoride stopped decay in more than half of treated baby teeth when applied every six months.
- SDF is painted onto cavities in seconds without drilling, injections or sedation, but it permanently darkens the decayed part of the tooth.
- Researchers say the results could support FDA approval of SDF as a drug for arresting tooth decay, which may widen use and insurance coverage.
A major clinical trial led by the University of Michigan has confirmed that silver diamine fluoride (SDF), a cheap liquid applied in seconds, can stop tooth decay in young children without drilling, injections or sedation. The Phase III study was published in JAMA Pediatrics.
The trial enrolled 830 children younger than 6, recruited through dental clinics, pediatric medical practices, and Head Start and Early Head Start programs in Michigan, New York and Iowa. A 38% SDF solution stopped decay in more than half of affected baby teeth when applied at six-month intervals.
How the treatment works
Dentists call the result arresting tooth decay: the damaged area stops getting worse. Unlike a filling, SDF does not replace lost tooth structure; it combines silver, which fights decay-related bacteria, and fluoride, which strengthens the tooth's mineral structure.
The main drawback is cosmetic. SDF permanently turns the decayed portion of a treated tooth dark, which is especially visible on front teeth. The discoloration may affect whether families choose the treatment.
What researchers said
"This is a very effective and safe treatment -- even in children as young as 1," said Margherita Fontana, professor of dentistry at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry and the study's lead investigator. She said older adults, people with disabilities and patients with severe dental anxiety could also benefit.
The trial involved researchers from the University of Michigan, New York University, the University of Iowa and Indiana University, with more than $12 million in funding from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. The product tested was Advantage Arrest 38% SDF, supplied by Elevate Oral Care. The findings could support an FDA application to approve SDF as a drug for arresting tooth decay.
